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1.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 34(2): 200-209, abr.-jun. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-562031

ABSTRACT

Músicos praticantes de instrumentos de sopro necessitam de efetiva força muscular respiratória e função pulmonar para produzir o som adequadamente, sendo fundamentais a habilidade técnica, o controle da respiração e a pressão do ar. O Objetivo deste estudo foi avaliara função pulmonar de músicos que tocam instrumento de sopro e comparar com músicos que tocam outros instrumentos. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa, parecer 66/08. Os voluntários preencheram o Termo de Consentimento Livre Esclarecido e ficha de avaliação com peso, altura, IMC, sexo, tabagismo, prática musical e atividade física. Avaliamos a função pulmonar por meio da manovacuometria e espirometria. Um estatístico analisou os dados sendo adotado valor de significância de 5 por cento. Foram avaliados 77 músicos da EMM de São Paulo, divididos em dois grupos, grupo estudo (GE) formado por 51 músicos que tocam instrumentos de sopro e grupo controle (GC) por 26 músicos que tocam outros instrumentos. Comparando os sinais vitais (frequências cardíaca e respiratória, pressão arterial) não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos. Somente a pressão arterial sistólica se apresentou elevada no subgrupo tuba em relação aos outros grupos. Quanto à função pulmonar o GE apresentou valores superiores ao GC, principalmente o subgrupo tuba com CVF de 5,7 L, versus 4,5 L controle (p igual a 0,027), e a PImáx foi estatisticamente maior que o GC com média de 244cmH2O versus 142cmH2O (p igual a 0,017), respectivamente. Concluiu-se que a maioria dos músicos de instrumentos de sopro (principalmente a tuba) apresentou melhor função pulmonar e maior força na musculatura respiratória comparados com músicos de outras modalidades.


Wind instruments musicians need an effective respiratory muscular force and pulmonary function to produce sounds suitably, and they really need to have technical ability, breathing control and air pressure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pulmonary functionof wind instruments musicians and to compare it with musicians who play other instruments. The work was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee, Process 66/08. Volunteers signed the Term of Free Informed Consent, as well as a card of evaluation with weight, height, BMI, sex, tobacco addiction, musical practice and physical activity. We evaluated pulmonary function through manovacuometry and spirometry. A statistician analyzed data from a 5 percent significance value. 77 musicians from EMM of Sao Paulo, divided in two groups, study group (SG), with 51 musicians who play blowing instruments, and control group (CG), with 26 musicians who play other instruments. The result of the comparison of vital signs (cardiac and respiratory frequency and arterial pressure) has shown no statistical difference between the groups. Only arterial pressure was a little high in the sub-group tuba in relation to the other groups. Concerning pulmonary function, EG presented higher values than CG, in particular the sub-group tuba with CVF of 5.7 Ls, versus 4.5 Ls control (p equal to 0,027), and the Pimax was statistically greater than the one of CG, with an average of 244cmH2O versus 142cmH2O (p equal 0.017), respectively. We concluded that most wind instruments players (mainly the tuba) presented a better pulmonary function and a force in the respiratory musculature when compared with musicians of other modalities.


Músicos practicantes de instrumentos de soplo necesitan de efectiva fuerza muscular respiratoria y función pulmonar para producir el sonido adecuadamente, siendo fundamentales la habilidad técnica, el control de la respiración y la presión del aire. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar la función pulmonar de músicos que tocan instrumentos de soplo y comparar con músicos que tocan otros instrumentos. El trabajo fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética y Investigación, parecer 66/08. Los voluntarios rellenaron el Término de Consentimiento Libre Esclarecido, así bien una ficha de evaluación con peso, altura, IMC, sexo, tabaquismo, práctica musical y actividad física. Evaluamos la función pulmonar a través de la manovacuometria y de la espirometría. Un estadístico ha analizado los datos a partir del valor de significancia de 5 por ciento. Se evaluaran 77 músicos da EMM de São Paulo, divididos en dos grupos, grupo estudio (GE), formado por 51 músicos que tocan instrumentos de soplo, y grupo control (GC), formado por 26 músicos que tocan otros instrumentos. El resultado de la comparación de los signos vitales (frecuencias cardíaca y respiratoria y presión arterial) ha mostrado que no hubo diferencia estadística entre los grupos. Solamente la presión arterial se ha presentado elevada en el subgrupo tuba con relación a los otros grupos. En cuanto a la función pulmonar, el GE presentó valores superiores a los del GC, en particular el subgrupo tuba con CVF de 5,7 L, versus 4,5 L control (p igual a 0,027), y la Pimax ha sido estadísticamente mayor que ladel GC, con media de 244cmH2O versus 142cmH2O (p igual a 0,017), respectivamente. Se concluyó que la mayoría de los músicos de instrumentos de soplo (principalmente la tuba) presentó una función pulmonar mejor e una fuerza en la musculatura respiratoria cuándo comparados con músicos de otras modalidades.


Subject(s)
Lung Volume Measurements , Music , Pulmonary Circulation , Respiratory Function Tests , Respiratory Muscles
2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 12(1): 67-74, Feb. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-484422

ABSTRACT

Nosocomial pneumonia is a common complication in patients on mechanical ventilation and results in significant mortality. Diagnosis of pneumonia in patients who are intubated and under mechanical ventilation is difficult, even with the aid of clinical, laboratorial, and endoscopic tests. The objective of this study was to compare three methods of tracheal sputum collection in patients with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of pneumonia. Twenty-two patients with a clinical diagnosis of liver disease were enrolled, 18 years of age or older, 13 males and nine females, who had been mechanically ventilated over an intubation period of 5.86 ± 4.62 days. These patients were being treated in intensive care unit (ICU) of the Liver Transplantdepartment. Secretion collection was carried out according to a protocol with three distinct methods: endotracheal aspiration with a closed aspiration system, Bal cath and bronchoalveolar lavage. Of the 22 patients analyzed, 21 (95.4 percent) showed one or more infectious agent when the closed aspiration system was used. With the Bal cathâ collection, 19 patients (86.3 percent) had one or more infectious agents; in the collection by bronchoalveolar lavage, 10 patients (45.4 percent) presented one or more infectious agent. According to the laboratorial analysis, 14 different microorganisms were isolated, the most frequent of which were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. We concluded that aspiration with the closed system produced the most effective results in comparison with those of bronchoalveolar lavage and the Bal cathâ, and may be an acceptable method for diagnosing hospital-acquired pneumonia when no fiberoptic technique is available.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cross Infection/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Pneumonia, Bacterial/microbiology , Sputum/microbiology , Bronchoalveolar Lavage , Bronchoscopy , Cross Infection/diagnosis , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Pneumonia, Bacterial/diagnosis , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects , Specimen Handling/methods
3.
São Paulo; s.n; 2003. 67 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-408876

ABSTRACT

Sessenta e sete pacientes foram randomizados para realização de transplante de fígado (Tx) convencional (n=34) ou piggyback (n=33). A complacência pulmonar estática (Cest) e a relação PaO2/FIO2 foram medidas pré e pós Tx. Radiografias de tórax foram obtidas do 1º ao 5º dia pós operatório. Não há diferença significante entre os grupos em relação à Cest e à PaO2/FIO2. Na avaliação radiológica, o grupo piggyback apresentou maior freqüência de infiltrados pulmonares (50,0 por cento vs. 80,7 por cento; p=0,025). Conclui-se que pacientes submetidos ao Tx piggyback apresentam uma freqüência maior de infiltrados pulmonares quando comparados com os operados pelo método convencional.Sixty-seven patients were randomized for conventional (n=34) or piggyback (n=33) liver transplantation (LT). Pulmonary static compliance (Cst) and PaO2/FIO2 ratio were measured pre- and post-LT. Chest X-rays were obtained daily from the first to the fifth postoperative day. There is no significant difference between the two groups regarding Cst and PaO2/FIO2. Upon the radiological evaluation, piggyback group presented a higher frequency of pulmonary infiltrates (80.6 per cent vs. 50.0 per cent; p=0.025). We conclude that piggyback LT recipients present a higher rate of pulmonary infiltrates when compared to those operated upon using the conventional method...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Pulmonary Gas Exchange , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Liver Transplantation/methods , Clinical Trials as Topic , Lung Compliance , Radiography, Thoracic/methods
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